Citizen science helps with big data: Bob McDonald

Helping scientists track the whereabouts of penguins, Antarctica's iconic inhabitants,isthe latest ideato be added to an international projectcarried out by citizens and school groups.And you, too, can participate.

A program called PenguinWatch 2.0 has been added to the Zooniverse, a collection of web-based citizen science projects what they call "people-powered research" designed to help scientists deal with the flood of data they are faced with.

Subjects range from planet hunting in deep space to watching animals migrate across the Serengeti plains, tospotting new subatomic particles in the Large Hadron Collider.

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Scientific research involves a lot of observation, usually over long periods, to record changes in ecosystems, animal behaviour, predator-prey relationshipsor, in the case of space, just to surveywhat's out there among billions of stars and galaxies.

But all these observations produce hours of videos, millions of images and so much data thatit's very time-consuming for scientists to plowthrough itto extract the relevant information.

That's why citizen science has become an important tool to help scientists deal with big dataand to allow ordinary citizens to participate in real scientific research.

In addition, it is a valuable teaching tool where students learn about a topic and become involved in the the scientific process to study it.

The penguin project, run by the University of Oxford in England, involves 50 cameras in the Southern Ocean and around the Antarctic Peninsula that overlook colonies of gentoo, adelie, chinstrap and king penguins.The cameras take images year-round to keep track of numbers, newborns, and any novel behaviours.

As the Antarctic Peninsula warms at an unprecedented rate, the scientists want to know what effect the loss of ice and changing landscape arehaving on penguin populations.

That meansobservations spanning yearsand mountains of data to deal with. And that's where the volunteer citizen scientists come in. The interactive web site asks people to look at pictures, and mark them to help classify the species.

If penguins are not for you, other sites offer the chance to search for black holes in the centres of galaxies, using data from radio telescopes, ormap out gas clouds and stars in our Milky Way galaxy, using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope. Or you could investigateany of a hundred othersites covering every subject in science.

If you aremore the outdoor type, you can report your sightings of bats suffering from white-nosesyndrome;receive a trap to capture the menacing spruce budworm in New Brunswick;count amphibians and reptiles in Manitoba; or participate in any number of citizen science projectsin your area.

Science is our eyeon the world, and that world is changing rapidly in so many ways, there are not enough scientific eyes to keep track of it. That's why scientists need your eyes to help them.

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