2 years in, activists warn backsliding for women, girls continues unabated in Taliban's Afghanistan

Nearly two years after Kabul fell to the Taliban, activists warn that human rights for women and girls continue toplummetin Afghanistan.They're pushing for democracies like Canada to adopt a tougher posturewith the regime.

"The Taliban are not going to be different just if the government is issuing strongly worded statements," said Friba Rezayee, the executive director of Women Leaders of Tomorrow, a Vancouver-based organization that advocates for Afghan womens' education and empowerment.

"What's happening in Afghanistan now is that the Taliban have a monopoly over violence. They want to keep the public and the people uneducatedand ignorant so that they can promote their ideology," Rezayee said.

The hardline fundamentalist group seized controlinAugust 2021, toppling the Western-backed governmentjust days after U.S. troops pulled out ofAfghanistanfollowing 20 years of war.The Taliban has since imposed a strict interpretation of Islamic law, despite early promises to the international community to respect some women's rights.

Millions in the country also remain in need of humanitarian assistance, with an estimated 64 per cent of households unable to meet basic needs, according to UNICEF.

Earlier this month,BBC Persianreported that girls as young as 10 are now being banned from school in some Afghanprovinces, meaningeducation for women would now be off the table starting as early as Grade 3, though the Taliban issued a denial.

Girls were effectively banned from attending secondary school just weeks after the Talibantook over, at first insisting the move was temporary. Female studentswere then suspended from Afghanistan's universities last December.

"It hasn't been fully appliedis our understanding," Sarah Keeler, the advocacy manager for Canadian Women For Women in Afghanistan, another Canadian aid organization, said of the new ban.

However, the group has heard from sources across the country that such a ban has started in different provinces, she said, soit's "happening on a widespread scale."

Calls to recognize gender apartheid

Keeler's organization issupportinga push to brand the current situation in Afghanistan as "gender apartheid" an international effortlaunchedbyAfghan and Iranian womenlastMarch on International Women'sDay.

"We want to see it recognized as a potential crime against humanity, and then there's an opportunity for this to be taken to the International Criminal Court," said Keeler.

An expert reportto the United Nations Human Rights Councilpublished last month on Afghanistan found restrictions on women and girls in the country could amount to gender apartheid.

WATCH | How Canadian educators are giving Afghan women and girls access to school:

Breaking the law to educate Afghanistans girls

2 years ago

Duration 2:12

Despite being illegal under the Taliban, Canadian educators and organizations are giving women and children in Afghanistan access to school. For those willing to brave the threat from the Taliban, it's a lifeline to a better future.

Now, both Canadiangroups are callingon Ottawato work directly with Afghans on the ground to understand their needs and get them the necessary resources.

Canadian Women for Women in Afghanistan said the federal government could do more to provide alternate means for education for women and girls, including help setting up digital learning opportunities.

Rezayee said Canada could have diplomatic presence on the ground in Afghanistan, while avoiding any recognition of the Taliban as a legitimate government, just as a way to have a closer presence to the Afghan people.

Her organization is also working to help on the education front. Some 13 Afghan women and girls have so far completed a full year of studies in Canada, thanks to theefforts of Women Leaders of Tomorrow, arriving here on scholarships secured through the group.

Rezayee welcomed two more at the Vancouver International Airport just last Friday sisters Zarmina and Torpikai Sultani.

Torpikai, 19, told CBC News she wants to become a doctor, while18-year-old Zarmina says she aspires to be an engineer. Zarmina added that she wants to be a model for Afghan women and girls. "Girls can do whateverthey want. They can be free."

Butthat is an increasingly harder proposition in Afghanistan, said Rezayee.

"What the Canadian government can actually do is to put strict conditions on the aids that are going to Afghanistan," she said. "The Taliban are completely reliant on international aid and international support now because they have destroyed the economy in the country."

Canada's response

The Canadian government shut its embassy down indefinitely in August 2021after Kabul's fall, along with other Western countries.

Instead, Canada maintains some contact through David Sproule, the country's Special Representative for Afghanistan. As CBC News revealed last year, Sproule has spoken to the Taliban more than a dozen timesover the past two years, duringmeetings in Doha, Qatar.

"In his engagements, the special representative underscores the need for the Taliban to live up to Afghanistan's international obligations to uphold the human rights of all Afghans and reverse discriminatory policies targeting women and girls," Global Affairs Canada (GAC) said in a statement last week.

GAC also said Canada wants to work with international partners to draw attention to the Taliban's violations of human rights and "advocate for a strong international response to these violations."

However, the statement fell short of specifics on the response, and did not directly address CBC's questions about increasing sanctions.

Last year, Canada allocatedmore than $143 million in humanitarian assistance to Afghanistan and the region.

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