Albertas famed glaciers are shrinking every year as global temperatures soar. Now, scientists worry the soot and ash from wildfires like the one that devastated Jasper could speed the rate of glacial melt, endangering water resources and hydroelectric power generation.

The discovery of oxygen being produced on the ocean floor apparently by ancient lumps of metal has put the scientists behind the landmark study at odds with the Canada-based mining company that funded them.

The past 12 months have all surpassed 1.5 C above pre-industrial average temperatures, according to a new warning from the Copernicus climate research program. That isn't the same as breaching the 1.5 C limit set out in the 2015 Paris Agreement, but it's a major alarm that we're close.