How to administer naloxone in case of opioid overdose

As opioidoverdoses due to powerful drugs such asfentanyl rise in Ottawa, the antidote naloxone is becoming a household name, with public health officials promotingits usethroughout the city to save lives.

• Ottawa drug users being taught to treat each other's overdoses

There are two kinds of naloxone applications to treat opioidoverdoses: the intramuscular kit, which uses a needle to inject naloxoneright into arm or thigh muscle, and the intranasal spray, which is injected right up a patient's nostril.

Naloxone kits are available at pharmacies throughout Ottawa, and Ottawa Public Health wants to ensure residents know how to use them properly in case they come across someone who has overdosed.

Before you do anything, call 911, Ottawa Public Health advises.

To usethe intramuscular naloxonekit:

• Break open the naloxone ampoule.
• Insert a new syringe into the ampoule and draw up all the naloxone.
• Inject all of the naloxoneinto upper arm muscle or upper or outer part of the thigh muscle.
• Start chest compressions and rescue breathing, and/or CPR as trained.

Ottawa Public Health says if clothing can't be removed, the needle is long enough to reach through light clothing.

To use the intranasal naloxone spray:

• Remove the spray from the box and peel back the tab to open it.
• Hold the spray with your thumb on the bottom of the plunger and your first and middle fingers on either side of the nozzle.
• Insert the tip of the nozzle into either nostril and tilt the person's head back and place your hand under the neck for support.
• Insert the nozzle into the nostril until your fingers touch the bottom of the person's nose.
• Press the plunger firmly to give the naloxone spray dose, then remove it from the nostril.
• Start chest compressions and rescue breathing, and/or CPR as trained.

See Ottawa Public Health's full training guides for administering intramuscular and intranasal naloxone: