Who likes loud cars? Ontario study suggests they skew young, male and score high on psychopathy and sadism

There's a clandestine car scene in Canadathat most people often don't see, but they can sure hear itusuallyat night andoftenfrom a bedroom window left open in the summer with the hopeof catching a cool overnight breeze.

The noise isoften hard to place in terms of distance, but definitely distinct:young gearheadswho gather at unsanctioned car rallies in empty parking lots,or guerrilla drag races at desolate city intersections.

These tricked-out rideswith the gunshot pop of tailpipes, the surly roar of engines and the sound of tires screaming rubberagainst pavementpierce the night and sometimes even the restless buzz of the day. They'reheard through trees and over rooftops, in some cases, jarringpeople awakeand promptingcalls to police.

For Julie Aitken Schermer, a professor of psychology and management and organizational studiesat Western University in London, Ont., they'd rumble by as she walked her dog just south of the campus.

WATCH | Cars making revving and other noises on Windsor, Ont.'s riverfront:

Cars making noise on Windsor's riverfront

1 year ago

Duration 0:28

This video provided by Joan Charette illustrates the noise she and other neighbours are dealing with.

"Every day we come across these loud cars and pickup trucks and motorcycles that are backfiring and I get startled," she said. "My dog was startled.I see the animals run away that are in the trees and squirrels on the ground.

"I thought, 'Oh, who really wants to make this kind of noise?' And so atypical academic, I went and did an extensive search and found nothing."

Because there wereno psychological studies on what kind of person prefersloud cars, Schermerconducted one of her own.

The pilot study, titled"A desire for aloud car with amodified muffler is predicted by being aman and higher scores onpsychopathy and sadism," was published last year in the international journal Current Issues in Personality Psychology.Schermeralso wrote about it in Psychology Today.

We found that it was sadism and psychopathy was predicting who wants to modify their mufflers, who feels more connected to their vehicle, and they think loud cars are really cool.- Julie Aitken Schermer, Western University researcher

As part of the research, Schermer surveyed 529 undergrad business students289 men, 234 women and six who identified as "other." They were asked if they viewed their car as an extension of themselves, how much they thought loud cars were "cool"and if they would make their cars louder with muffler modifications.

Schermer also gave thema ShortDark Tetrad(SD4) personality measureanother questionnaire that assessesa cluster of malicious personality traits, includingnarcissism, psychopathyand Machiavellianism (linked to being cunning and manipulative).

When she got the results, she expected to see a strong correlationbetween someone who prefers a look-at-me exhaust system and narcissism, but that wasn't the case.

"We found that it was sadism and psychopathy was predicting who wants to modify their mufflers, who feels more connected to their vehicle, and they think loud cars are really cool.

"It seems to be this callous disregard for other people's feelings and their reactions. That's the psychopathy coming out and it's also they probably get a kick out of enjoying watching people get startled."

'This is a stereotype,' car enthusiast says

As you can imagine, some car enthusiasts don't react well to this study.

Bailey Trap, for instance, grew up in a family that loves big, loud cars so much that they started a business.

Performance Unlimited is a Londoncustom car shop that specializes in loud vehicles, such as muscle cars, hot rods, tricked-out pickup trucks and specialty custom vehicles.

"Dad has a '66 Chevelle that he's had since I was a little kid and it is a large motor and it is loud, andI absolutely love it. I actually have it tattooed on my arm,that'show much I love it," said Trap, 38.

CBC News gave Trap a copyof Schermer's study toreview. She doesn't think it's an accurate reflection of the car enthusiast community.

It'sa way for somebody to stand out in a society that wants you to conform.- Bailey Trap, Performance Unlimited custom car shop

"This is a stereotype," she said. "Obviously you're going to have more men liking vehicles and using that as a way to express themselves.

"A lot of the guys I see with loud cars are older gentlemen," she said, noting the car community regularly holds events like cruise nights that raise money for charity.

To her, the surly rumble of a gas-guzzling engineor the shotgun-like pop of a tailpipe is a means of expression, like a pair of ripped jeans or a bright sparkly dress.

"It's a creative form. It'sa way for somebody to stand out in a society that wants you to conform," she said. "It may not be your taste, but it is something thatsays something about them."

When put to Schermer, the psychology professor said "that's a different demographic and characteristic from what I studied."

Quiet car bylaws aim to curbnoise

Schermer said that, unlike guerrilla car enthusiastswho drag race at red lightsor meet in a deserted parking lot of a big-box store, people who go to scheduled, sanctioned events that raise money for charity are more likely to modify their cars in a legal and safe way and, if you asked them politely, they would probably keep it down.

"The personality profile I found with our loud mufflers are also the same personality profiles of people who illegally commit arson," she said. "I'm sure the older, retired gentlemen who are making their classic cars louder and more noticeable are also not going out and setting fires illegally."

Schermer said the issue of noise pollution from illegal car meets needs to be taken more seriously. It's why she plans to expand on the study.

In response to the rising number of illegal car meets,drag races and excessive noise,many Canadian citieshave created quiet car bylaws to crack down on the clandestine activity.

In London in particular, city police have been doing regular enforcement blitzes since 2020, laying hundreds of charges each year.

In 2020 alone, the city's police laid 110 charges for improper mufflers, 38 charges for "causing noise likely to disturb" and four charges for making illegal modifications to vehicles, including removing emissions controls.