Michigan drops Line 5 pipeline suit, refocuses on separate case

Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer abandoned a lawsuit Tuesday aimed at shutting down an oil pipeline that runs through part of the Great Lakes but said the state would continue pursuing a separate case with the same goal.

Whitmer's legal maneuver followed a federal judge's decision earlier this month to retain jurisdiction over a suit brought by Calgary-based Enbridge Inc. after the state revoked an easement allowing Line 5 to cross the Straits of Mackinac.

It further complicates a lengthy dispute over the 68-year-old pipeline, raising the possibility of simultaneous federal and state court cases alongside political negotiations involving Michigan, the Biden administration and the Canadian government.

Enbridge contends Line 5 is a federal matter, raising questions of U.S. law and commerce between the two nations. Whitmer's administration says the key issue is Michigan's right to protect the Great Lakes, much of which are within its boundaries.

"No oil company should be able to dictate to Michiganders what happens in our sovereign lands and waters," said Dan Eichinger, director of the state Department of Natural Resources.

Line 5

Line 5 moves 23 million gallons (87 million liters) daily of crude oil and natural gas liquids between Superior, Wisconsin, and Sarnia, Ontario, passing through northern Wisconsin and Michigan's Upper Peninsula. It's part of a network transporting Canadian crude to refineries in both nations.

A 4-mile (6.4-kilometer) section is divided into two pipes running along the bottom of the Straits of Mackinac, where Lake Michigan and Lake Huron connect.

Whitmer revoked the 1953 easement for that segment last year, agreeing with Indigenous tribes, environmentalists and tourist businesses that it risks a devastating spill. State Attorney General Dana Nessel filed a state lawsuit to enforce Whitmer's action.

Legal response

Enbridge, based in Calgary, Alberta, responded with a federal suit. The company says the line is safe and rejected the Democratic governor's May 12 shutdown deadline.

Canada's government supports Enbridge and has invoked a 1977 treaty barring official actions in either country that would impede cross-border "transmission of hydrocarbons." Both sides are pressuring the Biden administration to take a position. The White House has promised discussions with Canada.

Nessel initially sued in state court for a Line 5 shutdown in 2019, arguing its continued operation violates the public trust and the Michigan Environmental Protection Act. The judge, James Jamo, has delayed action because of the subsequent litigation over Whitmer's easement revocation in November 2020.

Whitmer's office said her easement withdrawal remains in effect. But her team hopes that dropping the lawsuit to enforce it will enable Nessel's separate 2019 case to move forward, even as the Enbridge suit remains in federal court.

Whitmer said the strategy was intended to "help us stay focused on getting the Line 5 dual oil pipelines out of the water as quickly as possible."

Enbridge will continue pursuing its court case "to affirm federal jurisdiction" over the line, spokesman Ryan Duffy said.

Response from environmental, tribal groups

Environmental and tribal groups supported Whitmer's move, saying state courts should determine Line 5's fate.

"We've had enough of this Canadian corporation and the Canadian government itself tying up Michigan's efforts to protect our Great Lakes," said Mike Shriberg, regional director for the National Wildlife Federation.

The legal battle is separate from Enbridge's plan to run a replacement section of Line 5 through a tunnel that would be drilled beneath the Straits of Mackinac. The company will continue seeking state and federal permits for that project "so that it can continue to serve the region safely," Duffy said.

Tribes in the area oppose Line 5 and the tunnel project, saying both violate their treaty-granted fishing rights.

"I hope the governor's move is a retrenchment and not a retreat," said Aaron Payment, chairman of the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians.