Calgary gardening advice: When it's grow time, best be prepared

Spring gardening season seems to practically be upon us, particularly after a warmer-and-drier than usualMarch and April.

It's given plenty of Calgariansan itch to start planting.

But you're better off listening carefully toJohn Duncan, the green goods manager and in-house horticulturist at Greengate Garden Centre.

His advicemight best be boiled down to three words: hold your horses.

(There's snow in the forecast for this weekend).

Respect the process

"This time of year, the best thing to do if you can is to do as much prep work as you can," Duncan saidin an interview with CBC'sJulie Debeljak.

"Do a lot of early spring cleanup, prep your beds while the temperaturesare still cool andcold," he added.

• Why it's too soon to dig up your garden

"Get everything readyso that when the time comes, you can get out there right away and do the fun stuff: plant the pretty flowers that everyone wants to do."

Feed your soil

For Duncan, the early days of grow season should be devoted to feeding your soil.

"Get as much organic material in your soil as possible, in the form of compost, manure those kind of things to enrich your soil," he said.

Compost and other fertilizers will "improve the structure," he added."And then you have much better success when the time comes to start planting."

"You can get it from the city, buy it by bags or in larger quantities from different gardening centres. But you want toenrich that soil whatever way you can, because our soil structure here in Calgaryis very clay, so you want toadd organic material to make it light and soft andmore plantable," he said.

First in

There are some plants and veggies that can handle the cool nights of early spring better than others, Duncan said.

"On thevegetable side, your cold crops things like lettuces, spinach, radishes," he said.

"Cabbage, kale, those things can be planted quite early, when the temperature is quite low not going too far below zero, but they can still tolerate going below a little bit of frost.

"For flowering, stuff like pansies, snap dragons can tolerate a little bit of cold as well and then that's it for early [planting]."

Grow time

So what time is grow time in Calgary?

"That is the magic crystal ball, the $300-millionquestion," Duncan said.

"Most people's rule of thumb is the May long weekend, but I would just look at the long-termforecast at least a week ahead of time, nothing below zero, and then if something does go awry, covering [your plants]with towel, frost cloth, something to protect it," he added.

"And then with those very, very tender things, like begonias, maybe waiting extra long early June until the chance of frost has completely passed, because they don't tolerate that at all."

Common mistakes

Duncan sees a lot of excitable gardeners repeat the same mistakes over and over again.

"I've learned the lesson many times," he said.

"Sometimes, you can gamble and try [to plant] early.You may not get a frost or the weather may not go awry on you, but sometimes, just waiting until that soft time [of warmer temperatures]gets you farther ahead [than planting early]because those plants you planted farther ahead got a little bit of frost but didn't kill them, sets them back and it takes them way longer to get them up and running than if they were planted at a more appropriate time."

Indoor action

Duncan satisfies his grow itch early in the year by pre-planting and keeping them inside.

"I do all my specialty weird little things I can't get at gardening centres. Istart ahead of time. I do that during the winter. It gives me that little fix of plantingwithout actually having to deal with Mother Nature outside.

"That helps as well, and then you have a pre-start. Like I do all my first sets of vegetables,all my spinach, kale, andlettuce the first planting inside the house, so they're up, and then they get to about an inch high, and I can take them outside.

"And then Istart to seed directly outside after the chance of frost has passed."

With winter weather in the forecast, Duncan doesn't see any reason to change now.

"Always my biggest thing is soil preparation," he said. "[It's] the unsexiest part of gardening that people don't want to do.

"Ideally you should be adding, on average, at least an inch or two to your garden, depending on whether or not it's a vegetable garden but you do want every year, even on established beds, to add something, just to enrich that soil."

With files from Julie Debeljak.